Brooks, Steve.  2003.  Dragonflies.  The Natural History Museum, London.

Brown, L. J. and R. E. Jung. 2005.  An Introduction to Mid-Atlantic Seasonal Pools, EPA/903/B-05/001.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Atlantic Integrated Assessment, Fort Meade, MD.  Website last accessed January 20, 2006 at http://epa.gov/maia/html/SeasonalPools_PDF.html.

Calhoun, A. J. K and M. W. Klemens. 2002.  Best development practices: Conserving pool-breeding amphibians in residential and commercial developments in the northeastern United States.  MCA Technical Paper No. 5, Metropolitan Conservation Alliance.  Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York.

Calhoun, A. J. K. and P. deMaynadier. 2004. Forestry habitat management guidelines for vernal pool wildlife.  MCA Technical Paper No. 6, Metropolitan Conservation Alliance, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York.

Colburn, Elizabeth A.  2004.  Vernal Pools: Natural History and Conservation.  The McDonald and Woodward Publishing Company, Blacksburg, VA.

Fike, Jean.  1999.  Terrestrial and palustrine plant communities of Pennsylvania.  A publication of the Pennsylvania Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Forestry, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.  vii + 86 pp.

Grant, E. H. C., P. Nanjappa, J. D. Nichols, and R. E. Jung. 2004. Wood Frog and Spotted Salamander Double-Observed Egg Mass Count Protocol.  Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI), Northeast Region.  USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, MD.  Website last accessed January 20, 2006 at  http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/nearmi/projects/#eggmasscounts.

Hulse, Arthur C., C. J. McCoy, and Ellen J. Censky. 2001. Amphibians and Reptiles of Pennsylvania and the Northeast. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.

Kenney, Leo P. and Matthew R. Burne.  2000.  A Field Guide to the animals of Vernal Pools.  Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program, and the Vernal Pool Association.  Westborough, MA.

Vileisis, Ann. 1997. Discovering the Unknown Landscape - A History of America's Wetlands. Island Press, Washington, D.C.

Westfall, M. J. and M. L. May.  1996.  Damselflies of North America.  Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, FL.

Other Seasonal Pool References

Anderson, James T. and Smith, Loren.  1996.  A Comparison of Methods for Sampling Epiphytic and Nektonic Aquatic Invertebrates in Playa Wetlands.  J. Freshwater Ecol. 11:219-224.

Batzer and Sion. 1999. Autumnal Woodland Pools of Western NY: Temporary Habitats that Support Permanent Water Invertebrates. In Invertebrates In Freshwater Wetlands of North America: Ecology and Management. D. P. Batzer, R.B. Rader and S.A. Wissinger (eds.), Wiley, New York.

Belk, Denton. 1996. Global Status and Trends in Ephemeral Pool Invertebrate Conservation: Implications for Californian Fairy Shrimp. Edited by Carol W. Witham, Ellen T. Bauder, Denton Belk, Wayne R. Ferren Jr., and Robert Ornduff. Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Vernal Pool Ecosystems, Proceedings from a 1996 Conference.

Brooks R.P., D. H. Wardrop and J. A. Bishop. 2004. Assessing Wetland Condition on a Watershed Basis in the Mid-Atlantic Region Using Synoptic Land-Cover Maps Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 94; 1-3, pp 9-22

Brown, Arthur V. and Peter P. Brussock.  1991. Comparisons of benthic invertebrates between riffles and pools. Hydrobiologia, 220: 99-108.

Burne, M.R. 2000. Conservation of Vernal Pool-Breeding Amphibian Communities: Habitat and Landscape Associations with Community Richness. M.S. Thesis. University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

Calhoun et. al.  2002. Evaluating Vernal Pools as a Basis for Conservation Strategies:  A Maine Case Study. Wetlands 22:4.

Downing, Donna M., Cathy Winer and Lance D. Wood.  2003. Navigating through Clean Water Act Jurisdiction: A Legal Review. Wetlands 23:3.

Keeley, Jon E. and Paul H. Zedler. 1996. Characterization and Global Distribution of Vernal Pools. Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Vernal Pool Ecosystems, Proceedings from a 1996 Conference. Edited by Carol W. Witham, Ellen T. Bauder, Denton Belk, Wayne R. Ferren Jr., and Robert Ornduff.

Kok, C.J. and F. Van Der Velde. 1994. Decomposition and Macroinvertebrate Colonization of Aquatic and Terrestrial Leaf Material in Alkaline and Acid Still Water. Freshwater Biology 31: 65-75.

Leibowitz, Scott G.  2003. Isolated Wetlands and Their Functions: An Ecological Perspective. Wetlands 23:3.

Leibowitz, Scott G. and Tracie-Lynn Nadeau.  2003. Isolated Wetlands: State-of-the-Science and Future Directions. Wetlands 23:3.

Ray, Betsy and Evans, Ryan.  2004.  Refining the Natural Communities in Pennsylvania through Zoological Studies on State Lands: Classification of Ephemeral Pool Invertebrate Communities in Managed Areas of the Central Appalachian Ecoregion.  Unpublished report to the Wild Resource Conservation Fund on June 30. PA Natural Heritage Program. 75pp.

Schneider, D.W. and T.M. Frost. 1996. Habitat duration and community structure in temporary ponds. J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 15(1): 64-86.

Schwartz, SS and D. G. Jenkins. 2000. Temporary aquatic habitats: constraints and opportunities. Aquatic Ecology 34:3-8.

Semlitsch, Raymond D. and Russell J. Bodie. 1998. Are Small, Isolated Wetlands Expendable? Conservation Biology 12:1129-1133

Sharitz, Rebecca R. and Darold P. Batzer.  1999. An Introduction to Freshwater Wetlands in North America and their Invertebrates.  In Invertebrates in Freshwater Wetlands of North America: Ecology and Management, edited by D.P. Batzer, R.B. Rader, and S.A. Wissinger.  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Snodgrass et. al.  2000. Relationships among Isolated Wetland Size, Hydroperiod, and Amphibian Species Richness:  Implications for Wetland Regulations. Conservation Biology 14:2, pp. 414-419.

Tiner, Ralph W.  2003. Estimated Extent of Geographically Isolated Wetlands in Selected Areas of The United States. Wetlands 23:3.

Whigham, Dennis F. and Thomas E. Jordan.   2003. Isolated Wetlands and Water Quality. Wetlands 23:3.

Wiggins, G.B., R. J. Mackay, and I. M. Smith. 1980. Evolutionary and ecological strategies of animals in annual temporary pools. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie Supplement, 58: 97-206.

Wilson, Joseph J. 2000. Ecological Correlates of Wetland Amphibian Assemblages in South Central PA.  M. S. Thesis. Shippensburg University.

Winter, Thomas C.  and James W. LaBaugh.  2003. Hydrologic Considerations in Defining Isolated Wetlands. Wetlands 2:3.

Zedler, Paul H.  2003. Vernal Pools and the Concept of “Isolated Wetlands.”  Wetlands 23:3.

Seasonal Pool Links

Amphibians – research and monitoring program in the Northeast (sponsored by the USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center): http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/nearmi/

Amphibians and reptiles of New Jersey (sponsored by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Fish and Wildlife) - Resource Package for Teachers includes presentations taught on the seventh grade level with good information in a booklet form: http://www.state.nj.us/dep/fgw/ensp/herp_ed.htm

Amphibians and reptiles of Pennsylvania – an information page (sponsored by the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission)
http://sites.state.pa.us/PA_Exec/Fish_Boat/amp_rep.htm

Amphibians, fish, and reptiles - endangered and threatened species of Pennsylvania (sponsored by the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commision):
http://sites.state.pa.us/PA_Exec/Fish_Boat/etspecis.htm

Amphibian and invertebrate identification keys (sponsored by the Ohio Vernal Pool Partnership): http://www.ovpp.org/education.html

Birds and Mammals of Pennsylvania – information for all ages (sponsored by Pennsylvania Game Commission):  http://www.pgc.state.pa.us/pgc/cwp/view.asp?a=461&q=159351&pgcNav=1

Code of practice for surveying seasonal pools that protects the pools (sponsored by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service): http://www.fws.gov/ventura/es/protocols/dafta.pdf

Invasive plants of Pennsylvania (sponsored by the Pennsylvania Flora Project):  http://www.paflora.org/Invasive%20species%20fact%20sheets.htm

National Wetlands Inventory, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
http://www.fws.gov/nwi/statusandtrends.htm

Seasonal pool books (provided by Virginia’s Vernal Pools page): http://www.lynchburgbiz.com/virginiasvernalpools/educate_resources.htm

Seasonal pool course material and keys (sponsored by the Roger Tory Peterson Institute of Natural History)  Vernal pool curriculum developed for teachers to locate and monitor seasonal pools with their students: http://vernalpools.rtpi.org/resources/downloads/index.htm

Seasonal pool information (sponsored by the Upper Susquehanna Coalition):
http://www.u-s-c.org/html/vernalpoolpage.htm

Seasonal Pools of California - seasonal pool links and educational pages (sponsored by VernalPools.org,):  http://vernalpools.org/education.htm

Seasonal Pools of the Mid-Atlantic Region -  an introduction (sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency): http://epa.gov/maia/html/SeasonalPools_PDF.html

Seasonal pools of New England (sponsored by The Vernal Pool Association): http://www.vernalpool.org/vernal_1.htm

Seasonal Pools of New Jersey (sponsored by New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection – Division of Fish and Wildlife): http://www.state.nj.us/dep/fgw/ensp/vernalpool.htm

Seasonal Pools of New Jersey – online mapping and database (sponsored by Rutgers University and the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Fish and Wildlife):  http://www.dbcrssa.rutgers.edu/ims/vernal/vol.htm

Seasonal pools of Ohio  - seasonal pool information and registry program (sponsored by the Ohio Vernal Pool Partnership): http://www.ovpp.org/index.html

Water, watershed and wetland information (sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Teaching Center): http://www.epa.gov/teachers/curric-water.htm

Wetlands, watersheds, ecology, restoration, wildlife in Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the U.S. (sponsored by the Penn State Wetlands Center):
http://www.geog.psu.edu/wetlands